在 Mathematica 中使用命令绘图时如何获取轴的箭头?
感谢您的任何有用的答案。
对于 2D 图,例如由 Plot 生成的以下作品很棒:
Plot[Sin[x], {x, 0, 10}, AxesStyle -> Arrowheads[0.07]]
或自定义箭头:
h = Graphics[Line[{{-1, 1/2}, {0, 0}, {-1, -1/2}}]];
Plot[Sin[x], {x, 0, 10},
AxesStyle -> Arrowheads[{{Automatic, Automatic, h}}]]
基于 Sjoerd 的答案,
一个情节,如
可以按如下方式获得 (例如):
Plot[Sin[x], {x, -2\[Pi], 2 \[Pi]},
AxesStyle-> {
Directive[{Red,
Arrowheads[{{-0.06,0(*Xleft*),{Graphics[{
Polygon[
{{-1,0.5`},{0,0},{-1,-0.5`}}]}],0.98`}},
{0.03,.9(*Xright*),{Graphics[{
Polygon[
{{-1,0.5`},{0,0},{-1,-0.5`}}]}],0.98`}}}]}],
Directive[{Blue,
Arrowheads[{{-0.05,0(*Ydown*),{Graphics[{
Polygon[
{{-1,0.5`},{0,0},{-1,-0.5`}}]}],0.98`}},{0.03,.8(*Yup*),{Graphics[{
Polygon[
{{-1,0.5`},{0,0},{-1,-0.5`}}]}],0.98`}}}]}
]}]
在Drawings Tools
和Graphics Inspector
中给出了很好的箭头示例。可能有更好的获取信息的方法,但是我annotate a plot用我喜欢的箭头,然后抽象(使用来自 Simon 的suggestion):
Cases["Paste-Graphic_Here", Arrowheads[___], Infinity]
再举一个例子:
代码如下
Plot[Sin[x], {x, -2\[Pi],2 \[Pi]},
AxesStyle-> { Directive[{Red,
Arrowheads[{{-0.06,0.1(*Xleft*),
{Graphics[{arrowhead}]/.arrowhead-> arrowhead2,0.98`}},
{0.05,0.95(*Xright*),
{Graphics[{arrowhead}],0.98`}}}]/.arrowhead-> arrowhead4}],
Directive[{Blue,
Arrowheads[{{-0.05,0(*Ydown*),
{Graphics[{arrowhead}]/.arrowhead-> arrowhead3,0.98`}},{0.03,.8(*Yup*),
{Graphics[{arrowhead}]/.arrowhead-> arrowhead1,0.98`}}}]}
]}]
where
arrowhead1=Polygon[{{-1,0.5`},{0,0},{-1,-0.5`}}];
arrowhead2=Polygon[{{-1.5833333333333333`,0.4166666666666667`},{-1.5410500000000003`,0.369283333333333`},{-1.448333333333333`,0.255583333333333`},{-1.3991000000000005`,0.18721666666666673`},{-1.3564666666666663`,0.11826666666666673`},{-1.3268499999999999`,0.05408333333333341`},{-1.3166666666666667`,0.`},{-1.3268499999999999`,-0.048950000000000195`},{-1.3564666666666663`,-0.11228333333333372`},{-1.3991000000000005`,-0.18353333333333333`},{-1.448333333333333`,-0.2562833333333335`},{-1.5410500000000003`,-0.38048333333333345`},{-1.5833333333333333`,-0.43333333333333335`},{0.`,0.`},{-1.5833333333333333`,0.4166666666666667`},{-1.5833333333333333`,0.4166666666666667`}}];
arrowhead3=Polygon[{{-1,0.5`},{0,0},{-1,-0.5`},{-0.6`,0},{-1,0.5`}}];
arrowhead4={{FaceForm[GrayLevel[1]],Polygon[{{-0.6`,0},{-1.`,0.5`},{0.`,0},{-1.`,-0.5`},{-0.6`,0}}],Line[{{-0.6`,0},{-1.`,0.5`},{0.`,0},{-1.`,-0.5`},{-0.6`,0}}]}};
arrowhead5=Polygon[{{-0.6582278481012658`,-0.43037974683544306`},{0.`,0.`},{0.`,0.`},{0.`,0.`},{0.`,0.`},{0.`,0.`},{-0.6455696202531646`,0.43037974683544306`},{-0.4810126582278481`,0.`},{-0.6582278481012658`,-0.43037974683544306`},{-0.6582278481012658`,-0.43037974683544306`}}];
箭头 1 到 5 的列表:
Here您在https://math.stackexchange.com/中发布了一个解决方案
由于参考中的解决方案适用于 Plot3D,因此我在这里修改(但没有改进)了 Plot []:
axes[x_, y_, f_, a_] :=
Graphics[Join[{Arrowheads[a]},
Arrow[{{0, 0}, #}] & /@ {{x, 0}, {0, y}},
{Text[Style["x", FontSize -> Scaled[f]], {0.9*x, 0.1*y}],
Text[Style["y", FontSize -> Scaled[f]], {0.1 x, 0.95*y}]
}]]
Show[Plot[Exp[-x^2], {x, -2, 2},
Axes -> None,
PlotRange -> {{-2.1, 2.1}, {-.1, 1.1}}],
axes[2, 1, 0.05, 0.02]
]
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